Global Beliefs 2.5. Science: Biology

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2.5 How Life Diversified: Biology

Version 1.3 August 2015Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â (Previous Version)

These are the questions we ask in the introduction (Section 0.1.6 â€“ paragraph 11):

Without god to control it all, where did all the difference species of plants and animals come from?Â How can we have such complex ecosystems, where every component is dependent on all the others, and couldnâ€™t have evolved without them?Â How can we have some complex organs such as eyes and brains, unless these are designed by a designer?Â Why do we have sex?Â What is the benefit of sex?Â Why would an uncaring universe develop sex?Â Why does sex cause so much trouble?Â Why is there so much suffering in the world?Â Why do animals suffer so much pain?Â Why do some animals have to eat other animals?

We may refine these as we develop this Chapter.

This chapter covers biology, in just enough detail so that we can work out what to believe and why, so that we can decide what to do, in our day to day life, and in the big decisions of life.

We plan to look at how we know what we know under the following topic headings. For now, we have indicated the questions we intend to address and the main topics we intend to cover.

1. Selection Process:	Isnâ€™t evolution random?Â How do we get more complex species?
2. Evolution Now:	Can we see evidence of evolution now?	Is it reasonable to break down this area into these topics at this level? Click on feedback, or add a comment below, to tell us if you agree or disagree, or suggest improvements.
3. Multicellular Life:	Why do cells cooperate with each other?
4. Cell Differentiation:	How did we get internal organs?
5. Response to Stimuli:	How did sense organs develop?
6. Nervous Systems:	When nervous systems and brains start?
7. Competition:	Is it just survival of the fittest?
8. Cooperation:	Why do some insects, birds and mammals act altruistically?
9. Sexual Differences:	What good is sex, and how did sexual differences develop?
10. Sea Life:	Worms, fish and other sea life in the Cambrian period.
11. Insects:	Insects in the sea and the air.
12. Land Life:	Amphibians, lizards, dinosaurs and mammals.
13. Flying Life:	Pterodactyls, birds, bats and other flying creatures.

This is the current summary of our conclusions in this area:

Life diversified, from single cells to multicellular plants and animals; animals evolved into predators and prey; some acquired nervous systems, giving rise to pleasure and suffering; some evolved into males and females, acquiring sexual drives, and some evolved cooperation to support individual survival instincts.

Â more (later)Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Statement 11

The detailed sections explain how we justify these conclusions.

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